For the first time, researchers have estimated what percentage of cancer mutations are due to environmental and lifestyle factors, hereditary factors and random chance. Overall, 66% of the genetic ...

In this article, I will show how random errors, legal uncertainties, judicial bias, and application of multiple rules and doctrines affect the probabilities of PTAB invalidation of patents. I will use ...

Figure 1 shows that individual measurement values hover around a mean value and the difference between the mean value and true value is the systematic error of ...

Adam Hayes, Ph.D., CFA, is a financial writer with 15+ years Wall Street experience as a derivatives trader. Besides his extensive derivative trading expertise, Adam is an expert in economics and ...

Test instruments such as oscilloscopes and DMMs (digital multimeters) often let you get the measurement results you need with just the press of a button. But the number on a meter's display or the ...

Bell and Howell was a company creation of when the motion picture business resided in Chicago. Donald J. Bell was a projectionist in movie theaters around the Chicago area and got to know pretty well ...

When gathering a measurement using a spectroscopy instrument, the user wants to be confident in the result. Whether the technique is OES, XRF, or LIBS, or if thickness or composition are measured, the ...